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Fluctuating blood pressure
contents
Blood pressure as a vital factor
Systole and diastole
Regulation of blood pressure
Measure blood pressure
From hypotension to hypertension
Symptoms of high blood pressure
Causes of hypotension
Symptoms of hypotension
Hypertension therapy
Treatment of hypotension
Naturopathy in hypertension
Naturopathy in hypotension
Blood pressure as a vital factor
Blood pressure is a vital factor. The blood exerts force on the vessel walls. This is reflected in the form of blood pressure again. Both in the arteries, as well as in the veins, a kind of force exists. The term blood pressure, however, generally refers to the pressure in the larger arteries. The so-called heart-time volume is crucial for the level of blood pressure. This is the amount of blood pumped into the circulation in a given time. If the heart-time volume decreases, the blood pressure will normally also decrease. At rest, heart-time-volume is five liters per minute, which means that five liters of blood are pumped into the circulation in one minute. If the body loses blood, for example as a result of massive bleeding, heart-time volume and, as a rule, blood pressure also decrease.
The condition of the vessels also affects the blood pressure. Pathologically altered arteries, for example, thickened or hardened or extended by aneurysms (sac-shaped extensions of a vessel) change the so-called peripheral resistance. So, in summary, blood pressure is dependent on heart-time volume, blood volume, and peripheral resistance.
Systole and diastole
Blood pressure is shown in two values, systole and diastole. In the aorta, the average blood pressure is 100 mmHg (millimeters of mercury). If the left ventricle contracts, the blood pressure in a young, healthy adult rises to 120 mmHg. Here is the systole the speech. When the heart relaxes, the blood pressure drops to 80 mmHg. This is the diastole. This means that a young, healthy adult usually has a blood pressure of 120/80 mmHg.
Regulation of blood pressure
To prevent excessive blood pressure fluctuations, the body has its own mechanisms that ensure regulation of blood pressure. So hypertension (hypertension) should be excluded. Because it can damage the heart, kidneys and brain as well as other organs. Too low blood pressure (hypotension) can, if pronounced, cause the body to be no longer properly supplied with the necessary nutrients and oxygen. The blood pressure must also be able to adapt to various events. For example, jogging requires a higher heart-time volume than resting. For all this, certain sensory cells are found in the body in various places, such as in the aortic arch, in the carotid arteries, in the carotid sinus (vessel dilatation at the beginning of the internal carotid artery), but also in other large arteries in the body, which detect an expansion or relaxation of the arterial wall then pass this knowledge on the extended spinal cord to the brain, thus lowering or driving the work of the sympathetic, which in turn changes the blood pressure and compensates for the fluctuating blood pressure.
Measure blood pressure
In order to correctly assess the cardiovascular situation of a patient, blood pressure is measured in each case, in addition to other examinations. This blood pressure fluctuations can be detected. A single measurement does not allow any statement about possible pathological values. Often, therefore, the patient is encouraged to measure blood pressure over a period of time, at set times, and record the values. In some cases, the patient is put on a sphygmomanometer over twenty-four hours to detect any fluctuations.
From hypotension to hypertension
A fluctuating blood pressure is normal over the course of the day as they move within range. Especially in the early morning and late afternoon, the values are usually higher than at night. Exercise, nutrition, psychological stress and much more definitely influence your blood pressure. The resulting blood pressure fluctuations are unproblematic. However, if the fluctuating blood pressure manifests itself in clearly too high or too low values and persists in the longer term, it is usually referred to as pathological blood pressure fluctuations. A value of 120/80 mmHg in an adult speaks for a perfect blood pressure. Values up to 130/85 mmHg are still normal and up to 139 / 85-89 mmHg are still in the frame.
Hypertension, called hypertension in the terminology, is divided into three grades. In grade I, also called mild hypertension, the value of systole ranges between 140 and 159 mmHg and that of diastole between 90 and 99 mmHg. In grade II, the moderate form, the systole is between 160 and 179 mmHg, the diastole between 100 and 109 mmHg. All values that are larger are assigned to grade III and signify severe hypertension.
Hypotension is mentioned when the values are below 100/60 mmHg for women and 110/60 mmHg for men over a longer period of time.
Blood pressure fluctuations are most common in the form of hypertension, with no organic cause. Risk factors for high or high blood pressure include obesity, physical inactivity, alcohol, stress, genetic disposition, potassium deficiency, smoking, and advanced age. High blood pressure is also often associated with type II diabetes and elevated blood lipid levels. The term primary hypertension states that there are no identifiable causes here. Secondary hypertension is present when hypertension develops due to certain diseases. These include diseases in the kidneys, metabolic disorders and vascular diseases. But also anti-rheumatic drugs or the intake of the anti-baby pill can lead to hypertension and thus trigger blood pressure fluctuations.
Symptoms of high blood pressure
The affected patients do not always feel that they have blood pressure fluctuations or suffer from hypertension. However, there are some symptoms that may indicate this. These include dizziness, severe headaches that occur especially in the morning, sleep disturbances, tinnitus, fatigue, nervousness, nosebleeds, shortness of breath, a red complexion, blurred vision and nausea. However, these symptoms do not necessarily exist and can also point to completely different diseases.
Causes of hypotension
If hypotension has a different blood pressure, blood pressure levels will be below 100/60 mmHg for women and 110/60 mmHg for men over a longer period of time. Patients feel well despite this blood pressure fluctuation, usually no therapy must follow. However, if the patient suffers from hypoperfusion (systole is crucial for cerebral circulation), hypotension requires treatment.
Three species are distinguished from each other. The essential or primary hypotension occurs without apparent cause. This form is common, especially in young, slim girls. Symptomatic or secondary hypotension is associated with a primary condition such as heart failure, aortic stenosis, hyperthyroidism, adrenal insufficiency, or severe (blood) volume depletion. But even medications such as diuretics or psychotropic drugs and long-term bedtime can lead to blood pressure fluctuations such as hypotension.
Recurrent drop in blood pressure associated with a change of position from lying to standing is called orthostatic dysregulation or orthostatic hypotension. Normally, the body counteracts the occurring blood pressure fluctuation that arises when getting up from the horizontal position out. In orthostatic dysregulation, this does not work properly. Those affected suffer from dizziness, cold sweats, nausea with possible incipient short fainting. The most common are young, slim girls, but also skinny older patients.
Symptoms of hypotension
Often there are no symptoms at a hypotension. If it does, then this is performance degradation, fatigue, lack of concentration, dizziness, black in front of the eyes, especially when getting up or standing for a long time. Syncope (brief unconsciousness) can be present, as well as shivering, mild nausea, depressive moods, paleness and a feeling of tightness in the heart. If you are unconscious, be careful. If this does not disappear within a few minutes, contact the emergency doctor immediately.
Hypertension therapy
In case of blood pressure fluctuations in the form of hypertension, those affected do not necessarily suffer from symptoms. Even if patients do not notice, elevated or even high blood pressure should be taken seriously. Often, lifestyle change comes first. These include a change in diet, abstinence from smoking and alcohol, regular exercise and relaxation exercises (such as autogenic training). Those affected should measure their blood pressure at certain times and keep a record of it. Also special features in the daily routine are to be mentioned here. Regular eye checks are also important to rule out retinal damage. In secondary hypertension, the treatment of the underlying disease is in the foreground.
The therapy of primary hypertension includes general measures such as a healthy, balanced and fat-free diet, sufficient exercise and regular relaxation. In most cases, a drug therapy is also used, depending on the extent of the blood pressure fluctuations. In the treatment of hypertension, cooperation between doctor and patient is important. Incompatibilities in connection with the medication should be reported and with the help of a blood pressure diary, in which the affected persons enter the blood pressure values at certain times daily, the effect of the drug can be determined. In some cases, two or three drugs are combined.
Treatment of hypotension
When blood pressure fluctuations, in the form of hypotension, different blood pressure measurements are carried out on both arms and at different times of the day. The so-called Schellong test is a specific test, which is mainly for suspected orthostatic hypotension. The blood pressure and pulse are recorded while lying down, standing up and then lying down again until the initial value is reached.
In the case of blood pressure fluctuations, in the form of essential hypotension, no treatment is necessary, except in severe cases. If symptomatic hypotension is present, the treatment of the underlying disease is in the foreground. Especially when no pathological causes are behind, regular exercise in the fresh air, alternating showers, brush massages and adequate hydration often help against the low blood pressure.
Naturopathy in hypertension
Fluctuating blood pressure in the form of hypertension on the basis of natural medicine in each case to be treated concomitantly with conventional medical treatment. In mild forms of hypertension, naturopathy also offers a good way to reduce the blood pressure in a purely natural way. It is important in any case that patients suffering from high blood pressure, visit the doctor regularly to rule out any possible complications.
Bloodletting and bloody cupping are used in hypertension in naturopathic practice. From homeopathy means, such as Arnica, Belladonna, Lachesis, Phosphorus and Plumbum as hypotensive. Likewise complexing agents, which often contain Rauwolfia, can bring relief. Medicinal plants from the garden of nature are the mistletoe, the olive tree, garlic, hawthorn and the alpenrose. Those affected are also recommended water applications, such as rising arm bands. When blood pressure fluctuations with elevated or even high blood pressure in most cases, a change in diet, moderate sports and daily rest periods are recommended. Likewise, smoking and alcohol should be avoided and existing body weight should be reduced.
Naturopathy in hypotension
In fluctuating blood pressure, naturopathy is often used nowadays. Especially in the case of primary hypotension, which occurs without apparent cause, naturopathic therapy is a good way to tackle the complaints. Basically, sufferers who suffer from low blood pressure are advised to allow themselves time to rise from their lying position, to sit down first, to circle something with their feet and then to get into the vertical. Many hypotensive people have circulatory problems when they have to stand for a long time. Here, the rocking on the toe bale or the clawing and releasing the toe helps.
In naturopathic practice, at low blood pressure, diversion procedures such as cupping and Baunscheidtherapie are used. From homeopathy, remedies such as potassium carbonicum, lachesis, sepia, veratrum album, just to name a few. Complex remedies containing rosemary or camphor can help in acute situations. In phytotherapy, for example, plants such as hawthorn, rosemary and ginseng are known to raise a low blood pressure. Bitter substances, which are also used in the treatment of liver or gastrointestinal disorders, are also good helpers in the treatment of blood pressure fluctuations. Acupuncture and foot reflexology are also part of the spectrum of therapy for the treatment of hypotension. (Sw)