The nose

The nose is part of the human airway. It is divided into the area of ​​the outer and inner nose. The outer nose includes the nose (nasal pyramid) at the top, the bridge of the nose, the tip of the nose, the lateral nostrils and the bridge of the nose between the nostrils. Except for the nasal pyramid, the entire outer nose is made up of a flexible cartilaginous structure that can absorb light shocks without causing major damage. The nostrils are already attributed to the inner nose. This is followed by the nasal vestibule and behind it the nasal cavity, which is divided by the nasal septum into two mirror-symmetric areas. The nasal cavity comprises the nasal turbinates and the nasal passages as well as the olfactory organ in the upper nasal passage. Towards the nasopharynx, the so-called choanae (special paired openings between the nasal passages and the nasopharynx or nasopharynx) form the end of the nasal cavity. The entire nasal cavity is lined by the nasal mucosa. The paranasal sinuses also form part of the nasal cavity, these being located as mucosal linings between different cranial bones. At the name of the paranasal sinuses is often also their location recognizable (for example, pine sinuses, frontal sinus).

The nose performs essential functions in breathing by purifying, warming and moisturizing the air when inhaled. The coarse particles remain in the nasal hair, finer ones are bound with the nasal secretions and transported towards the pharynx. The nasal mucosa is often the first point of attack for pathogens, which is why permanent moistening is of particular importance. If the nasal mucosa is too dry, this facilitates the penetration of bacteria and viruses. The result may be, for example, a nasal mucosal inflammation with cold and possibly other typical cold symptoms to sinusitis or sinusitis. The nose is not only a target for infections, but also anatomical impairments such as the excessive spread of nasal polyps or a crooked nasal septum are among the most widespread complaints. In addition, there are acute injuries of the nose in the form of a nasal bone fracture, as they increasingly occur in accidental injuries and physical trauma. Last but not least, tumors such as basal cell carcinoma should also be mentioned as potential diseases in the nasal area. (Fp)

nose

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